As of May 2025, several significant disease outbreaks are impacting global health. Staying informed and vigilant is crucial for individuals and communities worldwide.
1. Mpox (Monkeypox) Surge in Africa
Mpox cases have risen sharply across Africa, with over 52,000 reported cases and 1,770 deaths in 2025. Malawi has confirmed 11 cases since April, including three in the capital, Lilongwe. The outbreak is exacerbated by vaccine shortages, limited testing capacity, and strained healthcare systems. The Africa CDC estimates a need for 6.4 million vaccine doses, but only 1.3 million have been received. Public awareness remains low, highlighting the need for increased vigilance and capacity building. The Guardian
2. Measles Exposure at New Jersey Concert
Health officials in New Jersey have issued a warning after a person with measles attended a sold-out Shakira concert at MetLife Stadium on May 15. Attendees may have been exposed to the highly contagious virus. Symptoms can appear as late as June 6. This incident is part of a broader measles outbreak in the U.S., with 1,024 cases reported across 31 states in 2025, a significant increase from 285 cases in 2024. Health officials stress the importance of up-to-date MMR vaccinations. The Scottish Sun+2New York Post+2World Health Organization+2
3. Yellow Fever Cases Triple in the Americas
The Americas have reported 212 confirmed yellow fever cases so far in 2025, a threefold increase compared to 61 cases in 2024. Cases have been detected outside traditional areas, including São Paulo, Brazil, and Tolima, Colombia. WHO is supporting affected countries with preventive measures, surveillance, case management, and immunization activities. The risk remains high due to increased sylvatic transmission cycles and limited vaccine supply. World Health Organization+1World Health Organization+1
4. Cholera Outbreaks Across Multiple Regions
From January 1 to April 27, 2025, a total of 157,035 cholera cases and 2,148 deaths were reported from 26 countries across three WHO regions. The African Region recorded the highest numbers, followed by the Eastern Mediterranean and South-East Asia Regions. Efforts are underway to enhance surveillance, improve water and sanitation, and conduct vaccination campaigns. World Health OrganizationThe Guardian
5. Climate Change and Emerging Tropical Diseases in the UK
Scientists warn that climate change could lead to the spread of insect-borne tropical diseases such as West Nile virus, dengue fever, chikungunya, and Zika to the UK. Warmer temperatures are making the country more hospitable to mosquitoes that transmit these diseases. The appearance of West Nile virus in UK mosquitoes in 2025 marks a significant development, though no human transmission has been reported yet. The Guardian
WHO Advisories and Recommendations
The World Health Organization (WHO) continues to monitor these outbreaks and provides guidance to affected countries. Efforts include enhancing surveillance, supporting vaccination campaigns, and strengthening healthcare systems. The WHO emphasizes the importance of global collaboration to address these public health challenges. World Health Organization
How to Protect Yourself
- Stay Informed: Regularly check updates from reputable sources such as the WHO and local health authorities.
- Vaccinations: Ensure you are up-to-date with recommended vaccines, including MMR and yellow fever, especially before traveling.
- Hygiene Practices: Maintain good hygiene, including regular handwashing and safe food and water consumption.
- Avoid Exposure: Use insect repellent and protective clothing to prevent mosquito bites, particularly in areas with known outbreaks.
- Seek Medical Advice: If you experience symptoms related to these diseases, consult a healthcare provider promptly.
Staying vigilant and proactive is essential in mitigating the impact of these outbreaks. By following public health guidelines and supporting global health initiatives, individuals can contribute to controlling the spread of these diseases.